International Mothers Earth Day press release

On April 22, the world comes together to celebrate International Mother Earth Day, recognising our shared responsibility to protect the planet and live in harmony with nature. For Broken Chalk, this day serves as a crucial reminder that access to education is essential to building environmentally conscious, resilient, and sustainable communities.

The right to quality education, enshrined in Article 1 of Protocol No. 2 to the European Convention on Human Rights and Goal 4 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, extends far beyond the classroom. It equips individuals with the knowledge, critical thinking, and civic awareness needed to face the realities of climate change, biodiversity loss, and environmental degradation. Without inclusive and equitable access to education especially in vulnerable and marginalised communities meaningful and effective climate action remains out of reach.

From understanding the science of climate change to engaging in environmental policymaking, Broken Chalk believes that education is one of the most powerful tools in empowering individuals to contribute to a more sustainable future especially in an era where misinformation undermines genuine climate action. Yet today, millions of individuals, most notably children, around the world are denied the access to basic and quality education due to conflict, poverty, political repression, and increasingly, climate-induced disasters.

Rising sea levels, wildfires, droughts, and displacement not only destroy homes but also disrupt schooling threatening the futures of entire generations, more so with marginalised communities that have fewer resources. Such communities on the frontlines of the climate crisis are often those most excluded from education systems. This inequality perpetuates a vicious cycle of disempowerment and environmental vulnerability. Environmental justice and educational justice are deeply interconnected.

Due to this, Broken Chalk endorses global efforts made that integrate climate education and environmental literacy into all levels of learning. We advocate for the inclusion of sustainability principles in national curricula, calling for urgent action to safeguard educational institutions and academic freedom in the face of environmental and political crises.

As we mark International Mother Earth Day, Broken Chalk urges governments, institutions, and civil society to recognise that protecting the planet requires protecting education. Ensuring that every child can access a quality education that includes climate awareness is not just a policy choice it is a moral imperative. Climate education allows individuals to better comprehend and utilise effective ways to reduce emissions than many other single solutions. For this reason, to disarm individuals with the learning opportunities to better protect their environment and the world around them is to strip away their ability to develop personal connections to climate change solutions and change their behaviours accordingly throughout their lives.

 

Photo by Ijaz Rafi on Unsplash

Arrest of Turkish-Brazilian Businessman in Brazil Raises Human Rights Concerns

Introduction

On May 1, 2025, Turkish-Brazilian dual national Mustafa Göktepe was arrested in São Paulo, Brazil, following an extradition request from the Turkish government over alleged links to the Gülen movement.

Background

Mustafa Göktepe, 47, has resided in Brazil for approximately two decades and became a naturalised citizen in 2012. He is married to a Brazilian woman and has two daughters, aged 8 and 13, both born in Brazil. Göktepe is a prominent figure in the Turkish-Brazilian community, operating a chain of Turkish restaurants that employ over 100 individuals. He also serves as the president of the Institute for Intercultural Dialogue (Instituto Pelo Dialogo Intercultural), a Brazilian NGO dedicated to promoting intercultural dialogue. He also worked as a computer teacher in Türkiye at a school known as Gülen School.

Legal Proceedings

Justice Flávio Dino of Brazil’s Supreme Federal Court (STF) ordered the arrest, which is provisional pending the court’s decision on the extradition request. The Turkish government accuses Göktepe of having links to the Gülen movement, which it classifies as a terrorist organisation. However, the movement denies involvement in any terrorist activities.

Ankara accuses Gülen, a U.S.-based Muslim cleric, of orchestrating the July 15, 2016, coup attempt, and has declared his movement a terrorist organisation. He denies any connection with the abortive putsch.

At its peak, the Gulen movement operated schools in 160 countries, from Afghanistan to the United States. Since the coup attempt, Türkiye has pressured allies to shut down Gulen-run establishments.

 

Human Rights Considerations

The case raises significant human rights concerns, particularly regarding the potential for political persecution. Given Göktepe’s long-standing residence in Brazil, his Brazilian citizenship, and his family’s ties to the country, extradition could have profound implications for his rights and well-being. It is crucial that Brazilian authorities thoroughly assess the extradition request, ensuring compliance with international human rights standards and protections against political persecution.

 

Since 2015, hundreds of men alleged by the Turkish authorities to have links with the Gülen movement, living in countries around the world, have been arbitrarily detained and forcibly returned to Türkiye. All these people are faced with very serious human rights violations in Türkiye.

 

Conclusion

The arrest of Mustafa Göktepe underscores the complexities at the intersection of international law, human rights, and political considerations. As the Brazilian judiciary deliberates on the extradition request, it is imperative to uphold the principles of justice and human rights, ensuring that individuals are not subjected to political persecution under the guise of legal proceedings.

 

References

​​Turkish Minute. (2025, May 3). Turkish businessman arrested in Brazil, faces extradition to Turkey over Gülen links. https://www.turkishminute.com/2025/05/03/turkish-businessman-arrested-in-brazil-faces-extradition-to-turkey-over-gulen-links/

 

Six Turks arrested in Kosovo over Gulen links extradited to Turkey – Anadolu https://www.reuters.com/article/world/six-turks-arrested-in-kosovo-over-gulen-links-extradited-to-turkey-anadolu-idUSKBN1H5213/

 

Press Release: Enforced Disappearances of Educationist Orhan Inandim https://www.reuters.com/article/world/six-turks-arrested-in-kosovo-over-gulen-links-extradited-to-turkey-anadolu-idUSKBN1H5213/

International Girls in ICT Day

On April 22nd, Broken Chalk joins the global community to reflect on International Girls in ICT Day. This annual event represents an opportunity for organisations, policymakers, education personnel, and families to consider why we need such a day and how we can bridge the gap between boys’ and girls’ futures in tech careers.

The world is becoming increasingly digital as new technologies transform how we live, work, think, and connect. More and more academic fields welcome digital innovations and many careers become tech-related. However, girls are still under-represented and under considered in the ICT world. Many young women are hindered from reaching their full potential and interest in digital fields by cultural and social obstacles such as stereotypes, a lack of role models, and a lack of resources.

The digital gender gap refers to gender biases in accessing technological products and careers. It also relates to gaps in digital skills, participation in STEM fields, and tech sector presencei. Globally, in 2022, Internet usage among men stood at 62%, while among women, it was 57%ii. Moreover, women from low- and middle-income countries are 15 percent less likely to use mobile internet compared to meniii. In higher education, women are under-represented underrepresented in STEM programs as they make up only 35% of student bodiesiv. The World Bank has financed and strategized gender-intentional initiatives to bridge the digital divide. Such programs include working together with tech firms to ensure equal access and use, while incorporating online safety precautions; creating digital skills training camps specifically aimed at women in isolated communities; and investigating financing alternatives for affordable mobile devices aimed at aiding women with limited financial resourcesv.

Broken Chalk acknowledges the imperative necessity to bridge the digital gender gap and join the World Bank and other international organizations to raise awareness about the phenomenon. We believe in the power and influence of education in ensuring that every girl has the opportunity to gain digital skills, build confidence in tech sectors, and develop an interest in STEM areas. However, education does not exist in a vacuum, and we call on communities and policy-makers to create more spaces for young girls in ICT. Providing girls with ICT knowledge goes beyond career pathways; it’s about equipping future leaders, problem-solvers, and changemakers for a digital world.

 

Image by Firmbee from Pixabay

Education Monitor: Around The Globe between March 16th and March 31st, 2025 Edition

Broken Chalk proudly presents a new edition of “Education Monitor: Around the Globe” between March 16th and March 31st, 2025 Broken Chalk aims with this letter to increase public awareness of  Educational problems, challenges, and violations in the scope of the world. This newsletter is unique. This is a weekly newsletter in which we attempt to monitor and convey educational news from around the world in a concise manner. This monitor will be published biweekly with the effort of our young and enthusiastic team.

You can contribute to our work if you like. If you witness any violations in the scope of education, you can write the comment part of this post. Broken Chalk will try to address the issue in its next monitor edition.

March-16th-till-March-31st-2025

To download this edition as a PDF, click here

Broken Chalk Platform, in March 2019, was founded by a group of educators abroad who experienced and have been experiencing severe human rights violations in Turkey and had to ask for asylum currently in several countries.

These education volunteers also suffered greatly and started their new lives in their new countries without human rights violations. They gained respect just because they were considered human beings in those countries. However, they left one part of their minds and hearts in their homeland. They assigned themselves a new duty, and the human rights violations they left behind had to be announced to the World. A group of education volunteers who came together for this purpose started their activities under the Broken Chalk platform’s umbrella. However, the Broken Chalk platform was not enough to serve their aims. Therefore, they completed their official establishment as a Human Rights Foundation in October 2020.

Broken Chalk is now much more than a platform, and we have reviewed and enlarged our vision and mission within this framework. Violations of rights would be the first in our agenda in the field of Education all over the World. At the point we reached today, Broken Chalk opened its door to all individuals from all across the globe, from all professions, and to all individuals who say or can say ‘I also want to stand against violations of human rights in Education for our future and whole humanity, where our generations grow up together.’

Education is essential because it can help us eliminate the evils from society, introduce, and increase the good. We want to draw the public’s and stakeholders’ attention to the fact that Education is in danger in several different parts of the World. The attacks are wide-reaching, from the bombing of schools to the murder of students and teachers. Raping and sexual violence, arbitrary arrests, and forced recruitment also occurred, instigated by armed groups. Attacks on Education harm the students and teachers but also affect the communities in the short and long term.

We invite all individuals who want to stop human rights violations in Education to become Volunteers at Broken Chalk.

Education Monitor: Around The Globe between March 1st and March 15th, 2025 Edition

Broken Chalk proudly presents a new edition of “Education Monitor: Around the Globe” between March 1st and March 15th, 2025. Broken Chalk aims with this letter to increase public awareness of  Educational problems, challenges, and violations in the scope of the world. This newsletter is unique. This is a weekly newsletter in which we attempt to monitor and convey educational news from around the world in a concise manner. This monitor will be published biweekly with the effort of our young and enthusiastic team.

You can contribute to our work if you like. If you witness any violations in the scope of education, you can write the comment part of this post. Broken Chalk will try to address the issue in its next monitor edition.

March-1st-till-March-15th-2025

To download this edition as a PDF, click here

Broken Chalk Platform, in March 2019, was founded by a group of educators abroad who experienced and have been experiencing severe human rights violations in Turkey and had to ask for asylum currently in several countries.

These education volunteers also suffered greatly and started their new lives in their new countries without human rights violations. They gained respect just because they were considered human beings in those countries. However, they left one part of their minds and hearts in their homeland. They assigned themselves a new duty, and the human rights violations they left behind had to be announced to the World. A group of education volunteers who came together for this purpose started their activities under the Broken Chalk platform’s umbrella. However, the Broken Chalk platform was not enough to serve their aims. Therefore, they completed their official establishment as a Human Rights Foundation in October 2020.

Broken Chalk is now much more than a platform, and we have reviewed and enlarged our vision and mission within this framework. Violations of rights would be the first in our agenda in the field of Education all over the World. At the point we reached today, Broken Chalk opened its door to all individuals from all across the globe, from all professions, and to all individuals who say or can say ‘I also want to stand against violations of human rights in Education for our future and whole humanity, where our generations grow up together.’

Education is essential because it can help us eliminate the evils from society, introduce, and increase the good. We want to draw the public’s and stakeholders’ attention to the fact that Education is in danger in several different parts of the World. The attacks are wide-reaching, from the bombing of schools to the murder of students and teachers. Raping and sexual violence, arbitrary arrests, and forced recruitment also occurred, instigated by armed groups. Attacks on Education harm the students and teachers but also affect the communities in the short and long term.

We invite all individuals who want to stop human rights violations in Education to become Volunteers at Broken Chalk.

UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW OF USA

The following report has been drafted by Broken Chalk as a stakeholder contribution to the fourth cycle of the Universal Periodic Review [UPR] for the United States of America (USA or U.S.). As Broken Chalk’s focus is on combating human rights violations within the educational sphere, the contents of this report and the following recommendations will focus on the Right to Education.

According to the latest available data from the World Bank, 81.4% of individuals in the USA’s population have achieved at least a fixed level of proficiency in functional literacy skills proportionally. The literacy percentage increased to 90.3% when examining only individuals with a high socioeconomic classification and decreased to 59.4% when examining only individuals with a low socioeconomic classification. Additionally, the literacy rate further increased to 83.9% relative to the mean level when the data was solely focused on individuals without an immigrant background. In contrast, the literacy rate dropped significantly to 67.2% when only individuals from an immigrant background were accounted for. i

Home to the top universities and tertiary education institutions around the globe, the United States of America performs slightly better than the OECD average for tertiary enrollment among individuals aged between 25 and 34, with 46% to 41% for men and 56% to 54% for women, respectively. However, when examining educational attainment for all individuals aged between 25 and 64, the USA performs significantly better than the OECD average of 40% attainment of tertiary-level education, with 50% of American individuals having obtained a tertiary-level educational degree. ii

The metrics on high degrees of educational attainment are further emphasised with figures such as an impressive 8% of American individuals aged between 25 and 64 not having completed at least an upper secondary education in 2022, in comparison to the OECD average of 20% of individuals aged between 25 and 64 not having completed at least an upper secondary level education. iii Evermore impressive, the percentage of individuals aged between 25 and 34 without an upper secondary education attainment decreased by 3% between 2016 and 2023, and with a measurement of 6%, it is eight percentage points below the OECD average in 2023. iv

As many countries across the globe have been negatively affected in the education sector from the COVID-19 pandemic, some even experiencing a double-digit decrease in the share of international students in tertiary education, the USA stands as an essential outlier with the share of international students remaining stable from 2019 to 2022, at 5% of all tertiary students. v

A significant amount of investment in education comes from the public sector globally, particularly in compulsory or primary education. The United States is no exception, with 93% of investment in primary institutions coming from the state. The U.S. has also sustainably spent around 5.8% of its national GDP on primary education institutions from 2016 to 2021, slightly above the broad OECD average of 4.9% during the same period.

Although private expenditure towards the sustaining of pre-primary and tertiary educational institutions is the global norm, the United States has a lower share of public expenditure, 81%, towards pre-primary institutions when compared to the OECD average of 86%, and a significantly lower share of public expenditure of 39% when compared to the OECD average of 68%. vi

 

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50th_Session_UN-UPR_USA
References

 

i World Bank. Education Statistics – All Indicators Databank. (June 25, 2024).  

ii Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. “Education at a Glance 2023 Country Note: United States.” OECD Publishing(2023): https://doi.org/10.1787/044e6d2c-en 

iii Ibid. 

iv Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. “Education at a Glance 2024 Country Note: United States.” OECD Publishing, (2024)

v Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. “Education at a Glance 2023 Country Note: United States.” OECD Publishing(2023): https://doi.org/10.1787/044e6d2c-en  

vi Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. “Education at a Glance 2024 Country Note: United States.” OECD Publishing(2024).  

Featured Photo by Aaron Burden on Unsplash

UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW OF PANAMA

Broken Chalk has drafted the following report as a stakeholder contribution to the fourth cycle of the Universal Periodic Review UPR for the Republic of Panama. As Broken Chalk’s focus is on combating human rights violations within the educational sphere, the contents of this report and the following recommendations will primarily focus on the right to education.

Panama’s education system includes 6 years of compulsory primary education (Education Primaria) for children aged 6 to 12. Secondary education is divided into two stages. The lower secondary stage is 3 years of compulsory middle education (Educación Primaria) from ages 12 to 15. After completing mandatory education, students aged 15 to 18 can proceed to upper secondary education, known as Educación Media. This stage provides two primary pathways: the Academic Track, which emphasises general education subjects to prepare students for higher education, and the Technical/Vocational Track, which offers specialised training in various trades and professions. i

The enrollment rate in Panama’s education system has improved significantly in recent years, particularly over the last decade, starting at the primary level. According to the data from the World Bank, the net enrolment rate for primary education means that 95% ii(2023) of Children in the 6-12 age group are enrolled in school. Middle education involves a gross rate of 83% (2021)iii of students within the age bracket of 13 to 15 years.

Despite all those regarding the quality of education, according to the PISA study (2023), 6 out of 10 15-year-old students do not understand what they read. One hundred seventeen thousand seven hundred ninety-nine children and adolescents between the ages of 4 and 17 do not attend any educational center. Thirty percent of them drop out of school because they do not have an academic offer nearby (UNICEF Panama, 2023). iv Poverty and inequality are the primary challenges impacting access to and quality of education in Panama. Despite being a high Human Development Index country, Panama experiences significant disparities, particularly in education. The gaps are most pronounced in rural areas and among Indigenous communities, where students often face the necessity of working on the land.

Efforts have been made to close the gap. This year, 7% of the government’s expenditure on education, valued at $ 5.4 million, is allocated to the Minister of Education (MEDUCA), representing a decline of 11.9% from last year, according to the World Bankv. Despite the challenge posed by the National Plan for the Elimination of School Ranches (Plan Nacional de Eliminación de Ranchos Escolares), there are more than 400 aulas ranchos still to be eradicated.vi It is argued that it is impossible to eliminate due to the shortage of funds. Additionally, investment in infrastructure is much needed to provide clean water and facilities for students.

The government, in collaboration with multilateral agencies vii, is working together to promote and enhance the nation’s educational quality to a high level. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have accelerated the integration of technology tools into the educational system. This includes the development of online learning platforms and the

 

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50th_Session_UN-UPR_Panama
References

i  

ii https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.PRM.ENRR?locations=PA 

iii Ibid. 

iv https://www.unicef.org/panama/media/9646/file/Informe%20anual%20de%20UNICEF%20en%20Panamá%202023.pdf  

v https://data.worldbank.org/country/panama 

vi https://www.ecotvpanama.com/eco-news/programas/meduca-mantiene-mas-400-escuelas-rancho-erradicar-n5853548 

vii https://www.caf.com/en/currently/news/2024/01/multilateral-organizations-are-calling-for-improvements-in-education-in-panama/ 

 

Featured Photo by Luis Gonzalez on Unsplash

UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW OF MONGOLIA

Broken Chalk has drafted this report as a stakeholder contribution to the fourth cycle of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) for Mongolia. As Broken Chalk’s focus is on combating human rights violations within the educational sphere, the contents of this report and the following recommendations will primarily focus on the Right to Education. 

The Mongolian school system consists of a 12-year structure, including primary, secondary and tertiary (higher) education. Primary school, mandatory for all children, begins at the age of 6 and consists of grades 1 through 5. Secondary education is divided into lower secondary and upper secondary education: the first, covering grades 6 through 9, is mandatory, whereas upper secondary education is optional. The latter spans from grades 10 to 12 and prepares students for higher education, while also including a vocational track. i

Enrolment rates in primary schools in Mongolia stand at 97%. Additionally, access to early childhood care and education (ECCE services) for children aged 3 to 5 stands at 83%, demonstrating Mongolia’s commitment to prioritizing education. Nevertheless, the number of students decreases in upper secondary schools, with 5.1% of girls and 13.4% of boys reportedly dropping out. This reveals a concerning disparity between genders, indicating broader socioeconomic issues or a lack of vocational education. ii

In recent years, Mongolia has made significant progress in raising enrolment rates and digitalizing education systems. However, due to the pandemic and a lack of infrastructure, many children remain vulnerable. The PISA 2022 results demonstrate a significant lack of reading skills and provide insight into the challenges affecting primary education. Most importantly, one in three children in Mongolia lack the necessary reading and math skills, while youths often lack access to extracurricular activities. iii 

In 2024, Mongolia continued to work on digitalization and teacher training in collaboration with UNICEF and the GIGA initiative. The government has pursued additional grants and scholarships to students enrolled in higher education, aiming to make universities and vocational training institutions more accessible. iv v

 

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References

i “Education.” n.d. UNICEF Mongolia. UNICEF. Accessed November 28, 2024. https://www.unicef.org/mongolia/education#:~:text=Enrollment%20rate%20in%20school%20is,been%20worsened%20by%20COVID%2D19. 

ii Kouassi-KomlanEvariste. 2024. “Time to Revamp Education: Mongolia’s Path to a Brighter Future.” UNICEF Mongolia. UNICEF Mongolia. Accessed November 28, 2024. https://www.unicef.org/mongolia/stories/time-revamp-education-mongolias-path-brighter-future.  

iii Ibid. 

iv  “Q&A with the Minister of Education of Mongolia on the evolving right to education.” 2023. UNESCO. UNESCO. Accessed November 28, 2024. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/qa-minister-education-mongolia-evolving-right-education.  

v “Giga Expands its Reach to 30 Countries.” 2023. November 9, 2023. https://giga.global/gigax30/.  

 

Featured Photo by  on Flickr

UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW OF MARSHALL ISLANDS

The following report has been drafted by Broken Chalk as a stakeholder contribution to the fourth cycle of the Universal Periodic Review [UPR] for the Marshall Islands. Broken Chalk’s main objective is to combat educational human rights violations, and the contents of this report and its recommendations will primarily focus on the Right to Education.

The Marshall Islands have a 6-2-4 schooling system, which is compulsory for the first 8 years and is generally completed by the age of 14. i Education is free until secondary Education, and English is the language of instruction. ii

Over the past four years, the government of Marshall has advanced various reforms to improve education quality. The Ministry of Education, Sports, and Training drafted a new educational sector plan for 2021-2023. This report addresses the primary challenges in the education of the Marshall Islands, including improving schools, promoting inclusivity and equality, and enhancing collaboration among educational institutions. iii

The new educational sector plan has adopted several noteworthy projects. The Marshall Islands have chosen to enhance the institutional capacity of early childhood education. To achieve this, the Ministry has evaluated the current capacity of institutions and reinforced existing structures by developing regulatory frameworks, new curricula, and training programs. iv

In addition, the Ministry of Education has strengthened the quality of teachers in primary education, established a multi-track education system to improve chances of entry into college programs, and some learning achievements have been enhanced, as shown bythe MISAT tests (a national test verifying the proficiency of Marshallese students in various subjects). There has been an increase in performance for primary students from 26% in 2013 to 29% in 2023, while secondary students have had lower performances from 17 % in 2013 to 14 % in 2024.v The government also incorporated gender equality and social inclusion into the educational decision-making agenda. vi

While acknowledging these efforts, Broken Chalk deems that the Marshall Islands still face various educational challenges. The most prominent issues concern the impact of climate change on education, the challenges of children with disabilitiesvii, and labour mobility for teachers. viii

Despite new reform initiatives, the Marshall Islands ranks the lowest among the Pacific States regarding climate action and protection.ix Persistent challenges include a high prevalence of diabetes and deafness among children x, which underscores the need for new tailored policy plans. One of the most alarming trends is related to labour mobility, as teachers face difficulties commuting across the country due to its unique geographical configuration. This results in a shortage of available teachers and the presence of micro-classes. xi

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50th_Session_UN-UPR_MarshallIslands
References

i Scholaro Database, ”Education System in Marshall Islands”, accessed 11 February 2025, https://www.scholaro.com/db/countries/marshall-islands/education-system 

ii AACRAO, ” Marshall Islands”, accessed 11 February 2025, https://www.aacrao.org/edge/country/marshall-islands#:~:text=Education,least%2012%20years%20of%20education. 

iii Minister of Education, Sports and Training, Education Sector Plan Republic of the Marshall Islands, 2023, 1. 

iv ibid. 

v Republic of the Marshall Islands Ministry of Education, MIEMIS: Education Statistics, 2023,1. 

vi ibid. 

vii United Nations General Assembly, Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review Compilation on the Marshall Islands, 2020; United States Department of States, 2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Marshall Islands, 2022 

viii UNICEF, Country Office Annual Report 2023, Pacific Islands, 2023,1. 

ix Plan International, The 2022 Asia-Pacific Girls Report: Their Fight for the Future, Plan International Asia Pacific, 2022. 

xi Minister of Education, Education Sector Plan. 

 

Featured Photo by aboodi vesakaran on Unsplash

UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW OF MALDIVES

Broken Chalk has drafted the report that follows. This is a stakeholder contribution to the Fourth Cycle of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) for the Maldives. This report will focus on the right to education in the Maldives, as Broken Chalk aims to combat human rights violations in the educational field. 

In the Maldives, schooling is mandatory for children aged 4 to 16, with free education guaranteed for preschool, primary, and secondary education. The educational system is structured into multiple levels:  pre-primary, primary, lower secondary, higher secondary, and tertiary education. Private and public institutions have formed the national education system. i

Although there is decentralization in addressing the geographically dispersed populations, the education system in the Maldives is centrally managed by the Ministry of Education, which sets national standards, policies, and curricula. The Ministry retains primary authority, adhering to national priorities and maintaining uniform quality. ii

The Maldives has articulated multiple goals for its educational system, focusing on quality, inclusivity, gender equality, and alignment with global standards. The government aimed to address the disparities in educational outcomes between urban and rural areas, with a focus on providing quality education for individuals with disabilities. iii With the aid of the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, the Maldives launched the Maldives Education Management Information System, aiming to track educational development and ensure a high level of quality education. iv

Despite advancements, the Maldives’ educational system still faces significant challenges, including geographical challenges that further complicate the equality of education between remote and urban island communities, as well as the recruitment and retention of qualified educators. v

Furthermore, gender inequality persists as young women are restricted due to cultural and socio-economic barriers. vi

The Ministry of Education, in collaboration with local education stakeholders, has designated Equity and Inclusion as the key reform agenda and established a roadmap for transforming the education system. In partnership with UNICEF and the World Bank, the government has secured US$9.5 million through the Global Partnership for Education (GPE) to support education and learning transformation in the Maldives. vii

The key elements of this agenda (THAIBA) include promoting inclusive education, enhancing basic literacy and numeracy skills, and integrating digital learning and transferable skills. Additionally, the reform focuses on creating multiple learning pathways that emphasize 21st-century skills, improving the quality of teaching, and establishing safe learning environments within schools. viii

 

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References

i Ministry of Education.English Translation of Education Act 24/2020. Ministry of Education | Official Website, February 20, 2022. https://www.moe.gov.mv/storage/files/resources/English_translation_of_Education_Act.pdf.  

ii ibid 

iii United Nations Human Rights Council. ”Universal Periodic Review – Maldives.” Official Document System – UN, November 4, 2020. https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/g20/056/44/pdf/g2005644.pdf.  

iv UNICEF. ”Education Maldives.” UNICEF, 2020. https://www.unicef.org/maldives/what-we-do/education#programme-solution.  

v Corporate Maldives. ”World Teachers’ Day 2024: Celebrating the Voices Shaping Maldives’ Future.” Corporate Maldives, October 5, 2024. https://corporatemaldives.com/world-teachers-day-2024-celebrating-the-voices-shaping-maldives-future/.   

vii Ministry of Education, UNICEF, and World Bank. 2023. “Towards a More Inclusive and Equitable Education and Learning for Every Child.” UNICEF Maldives. September 7, 2023. https://www.unicef.org/maldives/press-releases/towards-more-inclusive-and-equitable-education-and-learning-every-child. 

viii ibid 

Featured Photo by aboodi vesakaran on Unsplash